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| 昆明贵金属研究所->《贵金属》杂志-> 2007年第4期摘要 |
《贵金属》2007年第4期（总110期）摘要 冯永成1,2，董守安1，唐 春1 摘 要：以管径为20～40nm的多壁碳纳米管为模板，在经巯基修饰的碳纳米管表面定向沉积一薄层纳米金微粒，从而制得了一维金纳米线，并对纳米金线的自组装原理进行了研究。同时用XPS和TEM对所获得的碳基金纳米复合线的化学组成及微观结构进行了分析和表征。实验表明，纳米金微粒可在接枝巯基的碳纳米管表面自组装形成结构较好的纳米线。 Investigation of One-dimensional Gold Nanowire Self-assembling FENG Yongcheng1,2, DONG Shou’an1, TANG Chun1 Abstract: One-dimensional gold nanowires were prepared by deposition
of gold nanoparticles onto the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs).
The CNTs template with average diameter of 20～40nm was functionalized
by mercapto groups in advance. The self-assembling principle of gold
nanowires was investigated in this work. These functionalized CNTs
were analyzed by XPS and these gold nanowires were characterized by
TEM. The experimental results show that gold nanowires can be easily
formed by gold nanoparticles self-assembling on the surface of CNTs
inarched with mercapto groups.
张国庆1,2，武海军2，尹志民1，陈 松2，张昆华2 摘 要：研究了Ag和SnO2的原始粉末形貌，并对高能球磨后粉体的分布特征进行了观察，研究了压制过程中Ag-SnO2复合粉体的密度变化和密实机制，推导了Ag-SnO2复合粉体压制的本构方程，该方程计算结果实测值吻合较好，预测精度较高。 Investigation on Densification of Ag-SnO2 Composite Powders ZHANG Guoqing1,2, WU Haijun2, YIN Zhimin1, CHEN Song2,
ZHANG Kunhua2 Abstract: The primary morphologies of Ag and SnO2 powders and the
distribution characteristics of high-energy ball milled powders were
observed. The density fluctuation, packing mechanism of composite
powders and constitutive equation during pressing were studied. The
results calculated by this equation correspond well with the measured
value with satisfactory estimated accuracy. 大塑性变形对Ag/SnO2材料显微组织与性能的影响 张志伟1, 2，陈敬超2，潘 勇1, 2，张昆华3，管伟明3 摘 要：对两种制备工艺制备的SnO2质量分数为5％的Ag/SnO2复合材料进行了不同应变程度的挤压，研究了组织形貌，发现对于反应合成制备的Ag/SnO2材料经过较大真实应变挤压后纤维状组织消失，SnO2颗粒更加弥散。比较了两种方法制备的Ag/SnO2材料的电导率、抗拉强度及延伸率，及质量分数对其的性能的影响。发现经过较大的真实应变挤压，3种性能都得到了很好改善。 The Influence of Severe Plastic Deformation on the
Microstructure and ZNANG Zhiwei 1,2, CHEN Jingchao2, PAN Yong1,2, ZHANG Kunhua3, GUAN
Weiming3 Abstract: In this paper, Ag/SnO2 composite were fabricated by two
methods and extruded via three strains. By the observation on the
microstructures, it is found that after extruded via larger strain,
the fibrous microstructure fabricated by reactive synthesis method
disappeared and the dispersion of the particles of SnO2 was further
obvious. The influences of the fabricated method and the content of
SnO2 on electricity, tensile strength and elong ratio of the composites
produced by two different methods were compared. These three performances
are improved by larger strain extrusion. 新型微型继电器用Cu/Pd60复合弹性触点材料 熊易芬，卢 峰，王 健，钱 琳 摘 要：制备了新型微型继电器用Cu/Pd60复合弹性触点材料，研究了材料的组织结构，测试了其电学、力学等性能。实验表明，此Cu/Pd60复合材料作为微型继电器弹性触点材料，具有高弹性模量(128.8GPa)、低电阻率(3.28μΩ?cm)和低接触电阻，装机后其使用寿命≥105次，可在某些使用中取代原用的AgMgNi合金和PdAgCuAuPtZn六元合金，是一种达到国内外同类产品先进指标的新型中功率密封微型继电器弹性触点材料。
Study on Cu/Pd60 Composite Elastic Contact Material Used for Microrelays XIONG Yifen, LU Feng, WANG Jian, QIAN Lin Abstract: The Cu/Pd60 composite with excellent comprehensive performances
was prepared. The electrical and mechanical properties and the effects
of heat of the Cu/Pd60 composite were studied. The elastic modulus
of the Cu/Pd60 composite is128.8GPa, The resistivity is 3.28μΩ?cm,
the contact resistance under the testing conditions is much less than
50mΩ, and the service life is≥105 times. the Cu/Pd60 composite can
be used as elastic contacts for microrelays to replace traditionally
used AgMgNi and PdAgCuAuPtZn alloys in some cases.
谭富彬1，谭浩巍2 摘 要：作者通过实验证明PTC热敏电阻器欧姆接触、通电老化、高温老化及潮热老化与铝导电浆料中玻璃组分的关系。在B、Si、Pb玻璃中添加Zr、Al、V和Na的氧化物，PTC热敏电阻器的电性能可以满足使用要求。 Relationship between Glass Composition in Aluminum
Electrode TAN Fubin1, TAN Haowei2 Abstract：The relationship between the glass composition in Al conductive
paste for PTC thermistors with the ohm contact, aging performances
with electricity, aging performances with high temperature, aging
performances with humidity hectic were discussed experimentally. The
addition of the oxides of Zr, Al, V and Na into glass containing B,
Si and Pb makes the electrical properties of PTC thermistors to be
able to satisfy operation requirements. RuOx-PdO/Ti电极上活性氯的生成 代仕均，秦 松，杜 琳，王 玉，郭新宇，胡常伟* 摘 要：以钛基RuOx-PdO为阳极，钛网为阴极，Na2SO4和NaCl为支持电解质，研究了NaCl质量浓度、电流密度和pH对活性氯生成的影响及活性氯的生成与甲基橙模拟废水降解之间的关系。实验发现，以Na2SO4为支持电解质时，甲基橙模拟废水的有限降解是该阳极直接电催化氧化作用的结果。NaCl质量浓度和电流密度对活性氯的生成有明显的影响，酸性溶液中活性氯的生成量直接决定了甲基橙模拟废水的脱色程度，两者之间呈现较好的线性关系，碱性条件下不仅不利于活性氯的生成而且活性氯物种对甲基橙模拟废水的降解基本不起作用。 Investigation on the Formation of Active Chlorine
and Degradation of DAI Shijun, QIN Song, DU Lin , WANG Yu, GUO Xinyu,
HU Changwei* Abstract: The production of active chlorine and its effect on the
degradation of methylorange simulated waste water using RuOx-PdO/Ti
anode and reticulated titanium slice cathode were investigated. Na2SO4
and NaCl were used as the supporting electrolyte. The variations of
NaCl concentration, current density and pH of the electrolyte solution
on the production of active chlorine and then the degradation of simulated
waste water were studied. It was found that when sodium sulfate is
used as the electrolyte, the degradation of methylorange simulated
waste water is due to the direct electrocatalytic oxidation over the
RuOx-PdO/Ti anode, which shows limited performance. The concentration
of NaCl and current density are the key factors that dominante the
production of active chlorine. A nearly linear relationship between
the colour removal of methylorange simulated waste water in acidic
medium and the quantity of active chlorine formed is established.
The production of active chlorine over the RuOx-PdO/Ti anode is significantly
altered by the pH of the solution. Basic media is found unfavorable
for the production of active chlorine and the active chlorine formed
in basic media shows little colour removal performance. In addition,
the removal of chemical oxygen demanded is not in step with the decoloration
process of methylorange simulated waste water, that is to say, after
decoloration, the intermediates formed are more difficult to be removed.
ZHANG Qinfa1,2, GONG Zhuqin2 Abstract：The kinetics and mechanism of extraction of palladium(II)
from HCl solution by tri-n-octylamine (TOA) in o-xylene were studied.
The extraction rate depends on the concentration of TOA and Cl- ,
and the rate-determining step is interfacial reaction. The plots of
ln(kf(Pd)/kb(Pd)) versus lnCoTOA and ln[Cl-] lie on a straight line
with slopes of 2 and -2, respectively. The activation energy(Ea) of
forward extraction reaction of palladium(II) by TOA is 21.154kJ?mol-1.
Theoretical equations of extraction rate and ratio of kf(Pd) to kb(Pd)，(kf(Pd)/kb(Pd))，were
deduced. The results calculated by the theoretical equation are in
agreement with the experimental results when [Cl-]≥0.10mol?L-1 or
[H+]≥0.10mol?L-1. 三正辛胺从HCl介质中萃取钯(II)的动力学研究 张钦发1, 2, 龚竹青2 摘 要：研究了三正辛胺从HCl介质中萃取Pd(II)的动力学和萃取机理，结果表明：三正辛胺和Cl-的质量浓度对萃取速率有较大的影响，ln(kf
(Pd)/kb(Pd))与lnCoTOA和ln[Cl-]分别成直线关系，直线斜率分别为2和－2。界面反应步骤是TOA萃取Pd(II)速率的控制步骤，正向萃取反应活化能为21.154kJ?
mol-1，推导得出了萃取速率和正、逆向萃取速率常数比(kf(Pd)/kb(Pd))的理论方程，当[Cl-]≥0.10mol?L-1
或 [H+]≥0.10mol?L-1时，理论计算值与实测值吻合。
周小华1，董学畅1*，吴立生2，杨金美1，赵雷修1 摘 要：以聚苯乙烯树脂微球为原料，经硝化、还原、接枝等反应，合成了含有硫脲功能基的新型螯合树脂，研究了该树脂对Pd2+的吸附性能。结果表明，在实验条件下，新树脂在含有Pd2+、Cu2+、Zn2+和Fe3+等混合离子的体系中，对Pd2+有良好的吸附容量和选择性，并能定量地解吸树脂所吸附的Pd2+。 Study on the Synthesis of Thiourea Chelate Resin and Its Adsorption Property for Pd(II) ZHOU Xiaohua1, DONG Xuechang1*, WU Lisheng2, YANG Jinmei1, ZHAO Leixiu1
Abstract: In this paper, the author synthesized a new thiourea chelating
resin through the process of nitrification, reduction, grafting reaction
on the material polystyrene microsphere. The adsorption property of
the resin for Pd2+was studied. In the coexist system of Pd2+, Cu2+,
Zn2+and Fe3+, the results show that the resin has excellent adsorption
and selectivity for Pd2+, and Pd2+could be desorbed quantitatively
.
WANG Xiaomei1,2, ZENG Zhigang1, YIN Xuebo1, WANG
Xiaoyuan1,2, Abstract: In order to understand the influence of changing contents
of nickel and sulfur on the constituents of nickel sulfide button,
six buttons of different collector charge were studied. The components
were further confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD).The experimental
results show that, the weight of the of button is mainly controlled
by the content of nickel, the button contains mostly Ni3S2, and some
NixS6 without any minerals of NiS, Ni3S4 or NiS2. The mineral variety
does not change with different contents of nickel and sulfur, only
the relative percentage of Ni3S2 and NixS6 alters. 硫化镍试金扣成分探讨 汪小妹1,2, 曾志刚1, 殷学博1, 王晓媛1,2, 袁春伟1,2, 张国良1,2 摘 要：实验对比了熔剂中硫和镍的质量(mS和mNiO)变化对镍扣质量(mbutton)的影响，结果表明：mbutton主要受mNiO的控制，mS的变化对其影响则较小。采用X射线衍射(XRD)分析了6个不同mS、mNiO的熔剂所制备镍扣的矿物成分，结果显示：镍扣矿物成分单一，以Ni3S2为主，含少量NixS6,不含NiS、Ni3S4和NiS2等矿物。改变所加入的mS和mNiO，镍扣的矿物组成并不改变，仅是Ni3S2和NixS6相对含量发生变化。
赵 霞1，郭 洁1，周 俊1，曹秋娥2 摘 要: 研究了在6.0mol/L H2SO4及聚乙烯醇(PVA )存在下, Rh(III)与钨酸盐及甲苯胺蓝(TB)形成缔合物的最佳反应条件,
建立了测定Rh (III )的高灵敏光度分析新方法。缔合物体系在570 nm处的吸光度与Rh (III )的在0.01～0.125?g/25
mL质量浓度的吸光度服从比耳定律, 其摩尔吸光系ε=5.68×107L?mo l-1?cm-1。大量常见离子对Rh (III )的测定不干扰。建立的方法用于测定催化剂及工业产品中铑的含量,
结果与标准方法(SnCl2方法) 测得值一致。 Determination of Trace Amount of Rhodium with the ZHAO Xia1, GUO Jie1, ZHOU Jun1, CAO Qiu-e2 Abstract：The optimum reaction conditions for the formation of an
ion-association complex among rhodium, tungstate and toluidine blue
(TB) in the presence of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA ) and in 6.0mol/L
H2SO4 medium were studied in this paper. A very sensitive spectrophotometric
method for the determination of rhodium was developed based on the
reaction. It is suggested experimentally that Beer’s law is obeyed
at 570 nm in the rhodium concentration range of 0.01～0.125?g/25 mL.The
molar absorptivity(ε) is 5.68×107 L?mol-1?cm-1. Many co-exist ions
do not interfere with the determination. The results for the determination
of rhodium in real samples obtained by this method are consistent
with those by SnCl2 method.
李 勇 摘 要: 研究了物理性能和灼烧残渣量不同的甲、乙两种聚氨酯泡沫塑料对微量金发射光谱特征谱线(267.6nm)背景干扰的问题。结果表明，通过NaF预处理的聚氨酯泡沫塑料，对金发射光谱特征谱线背景的干扰最小，从而，相对提高了化探样品中微量金分析测试的灵敏度和准确度。 Research on the Interference in Gold Emission Characteristic Spectrum by PUFP LI Yong Abstract: The interference of 2 sorts of PUFP with different physical
properties and residuals after roasting in gold emission characteristic
spectrum was studied. As a result, PUFP pretrealed by NaF has least
background disturbing of gold emission characteristic spectrum. Therefore,
it relatively improves the precision and accuracy for the determination
of trace gold in geochemistry samples.
胡昌义，陈 力 摘 要：Re/Ir发动机是美国研制成功的应用于空间飞行器的第三代高性能发动机。作者对Re/Ir发动机的核心部件-Re/Ir喷管研究的国内外进展进行了简要的评述，内容包括：Re和Ir的性能；Re和Ir的CVD制备；Re/Ir喷管的制备；Re/Ir喷管的连接以及发动机工作寿命等。 Recent Progress in Ir/Re Rocket Nozzle HU Changyi，CHEN Li Abstract: A technology program has been underway since 1985 to develop
high temperature oxidation-resistant thrusters for spacecraft applications
in America. The progress in the research of iridium-coated rhenium
thruster nozzle prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is reviewed
in this paper. The contents include: (1) properties of iridium and
rhenium; (2) preparation of iridium and rhenium by CVD; (3) preparation
of Ir/Re chamber; (4) joining of rhenium to dissimilar metals and
(5) factors of limiting lifetime for nozzles and engines.
吴晓峰，汪云华，范兴祥，赵家春，关晓伟，顾华祥 摘 要：作者针对贵金属一、二次资源的特点，综述了贵金属提取冶金技术的现状及发展趋势。 Present Research Status and Development in Extractive Metallurgy of Precious Metals WU Xiaofeng, WANGYunhua, FAN Xingxiang, ZHAO Jiachun,
GUAN Xiaowei, GU Huaxiang Abstract : In this paper, based on the characters of primary and
secondary resources of precious metals, the present research status
in extractive metallurgy of precious metals was summarized and the
development in extractive metallurgy of precious metals was introduced.
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